英语语法目的状语和伴随状语都是什么?怎么用

mahailong9042 1年前他留下的回答 已收到1个回答

gg吗 春芽

该名网友总共回答了11个问题，此问答他的回答如下：采纳率：81.8%

目的状语可以用多种方式来表达,在高一英语(上)1—6单元多次出现,现将其分类总结如下：
一、不定式作目的状语
不定式常作目的状语,为了强调可将其提至句首.
He studied very hard to pass the exam. 为了通过这次考试,他很认真地学习.
To get my help, he was very kind to me. 他对我很友好以便得到我的帮助.
值得注意的是,不定式作目的状语时其逻辑主语应为主句主语,此时应注意人称一致.
为了及时赶到那里,他把车开得很快.
【误】To get there in time, his car was driven by him very fast.
【正】To get there in time, he drove his car very fast.
【析】“为了及时赶到那里”的逻辑主语应为人而不是车.
【高考题例】(划线选项为答案)
1. —Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?
— _______ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.
A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting
2. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _______ their products more competitive.
A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made
3. Helen had to shout _______ above the sound of the music.
A. making herself hear
B. to make herself hear
C. making herself heard
D. to make herself heard
二、不定式复合结构作目的状语
in order to, so as to, in an attempt to等不定式复合结构可作目的状语,其后与不定式一样要接动词原形,构成否定式时应将not加在to前.为强调动作的目的性,也可将这些不定式复合结构提至句首.不定式复合结构作状语时所表动作的逻辑主语仍为主句的主语,此时也应注意人称一致的原则.
He listened to the teacher attentively in order to understand what the teacher said. 为了弄懂老师所讲,他听得很认真.
He sent her a gift so as to get her help. 为了得到她的帮助,他送了她一件礼物.
In order to buy his son a gift, he tried to save money. 为了给儿子买一件礼物,他尽量省钱.
【高考题例】
4. Tom kept quiet about the accident _______ lose his job.
A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to
5. In order to make our city green, _______ .
A. it is necessary to have planted more trees
B. many more trees need to plant
C. our city needs more trees
D. we must plant more trees
三、短语介词作目的状语
for the purpose of, with the purpose of等短语介词后接名词、代词、动名词也可引导目的状语.
He climbed to the top of the building for the purpose of looking into the distance. 他爬上楼顶极目远望.
I came here with the purpose of inviting you to the ball. 我来这儿为的是邀请你参加舞会.
四、so that, in order that引导目的状语从句
so that, in order that常引导目的状语从句,如果主从句主语一致可与so as to和in order to转换.
He hid his storybook so that his teacher couldn't find it. 为了不让老师发现,他藏起了故事书.
He often stays up late into the night in order that he can make up for the loss. (= He often stays up late into the night in order to make up for the loss.) 为了弥补失去的东西,他经常熬夜.
【高考题例】
6. I hurried _______ I wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
7. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _______ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which B. when C. so that D. as if
五、in case / for fear / lest引导的目的状语从句
in case, for fear, lest均可引导目的状语从句,意为“以免；以防万一”.
Let me know in case you're not coming. 万一你不能来,请通知我一声.
Shut the windows for fear it may rain. 关好窗子以防下雨.
【高考题例】
8. I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some _______ .
A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in time
六、for fear of 引导目的状语
for fear of 可以引导目的状语,后接名词、代词、动名词.
He put on his overcoat for fear of catching a cold. 他穿上大衣以免感冒.
He closed the windows for fear of a heavy rain. 为防下大雨他关上窗子.
伴随状语 定义:伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生,它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的.
例如：
①He sat in the armchair,reading a newspaper.
他坐在扶手椅里读报.
②All night long he lay awake,thinking of the problem.
他整夜躺在床上睡不着,思考着那个问题，此问答他的回答如下：.
伴随状语出现的条件是由一个主语发出两个动作或同一个主语处于两种状态,或同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态.伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全句的主语,伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的.伴随状语可以有以下几种表示方法：
一、使用分词形式
The dog entered the room, following his master(这条狗跟着主人进了屋).
The master entered the room,followed by his dog(主人进了屋,后面跟着他的狗).
二、用with复合结构
The little girls were playing with snow with their hands frozen red(小女孩们在玩雪,手都冻红了).
三、用独立主格结构
The little boy goes to school, the little dog accompanying him every day(这小孩每天去上学,那条小狗陪伴着他).
四、用形容词
Crusoe went home, full of fear(克鲁索满怀恐惧地回家).
Confident of the victory the players are fighting hard(运动员们对比赛夺胜满怀信心奋力拼搏).
The match will be broadcast live(这场比赛将作实况转播).
He left home young and came back old(他少小离家老大回).
五、用名词
He went away a beggar but retumed a millionaire(他讨吃要饭离家,腰缠万贯回归).
He who had been twice prime minister of the country, died civilian(他曾两度出任这个国家的总理,而死的时候却是一个平民).
六、用介词短语
The girl came back to her mother in tears.(这女孩眼泪汪汪地回到母亲身边).
How can you go to the wedding party in rags(你怎能衣衫褴褛地去参加婚宴)?
I went home out of breath(我上气不接下气地回家).

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