定语从句的规则和意义各是什么呀?

liaorui110 1年前他留下的回答 已收到1个回答

上古 春芽

该名网友总共回答了14个问题，此问答他的回答如下：采纳率：100%

（二）非限定性定语从句
　　非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
　　1.which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
　　2.当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如：
　　Charles Smith,who was my former teacher,retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师.
　　My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.　我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园.
　　This novel,which I have read three times,is very touching.这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍.
　　3.非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如：
　　He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦.
　　Liquid water changes to vapor,which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发.
　　4.有时as也可用作关系代词
　　5.在非限定性定语从句中,不能用关系副词why和关系代词that,而用who,whom代表人,用which代表事物.；
编辑本段（三）关系代词引导的定语从句
　　1.who指人,在从句中做主语
　　(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
　　(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
　　2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略.
　　(1) Mr.Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
　　(2) Mr.Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
　　注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略.
　　(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend
　　3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略
　　(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
　　(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
　　如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如:He is the man whom/who I talk to.
　　如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如:He is the man who has an English book.
　　4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom；指物时,相当于which.
　　在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略.
　　(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
　　(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
　　5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
　　(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
　　(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替
　　(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
　　(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
　　(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
　　(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

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